Legislation
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Digital trade is evolving rapidly, and Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is increasingly presented as a solution for improving transparency, efficiency, and trust in commercial transactions. From trade documents and supply chains to payments and digital assets, DLT is often promoted as a transformative infrastructure for modern trade systems. However, technology alone does not create legal Read more
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United Nations Adopts New Convention Enabling Digital and Flexible Use of Cargo Documents
In December 2025, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the United Nations Convention on Negotiable Cargo Documents (NCDs), developed under the auspices of UNCITRAL and finalized in July 2025. The Convention represents a significant step forward in simplifying and digitalising international trade by extending the use of negotiable transport documents to all modes of transport. Read more
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The Digital Trade Promotion Act of 2025, currently under consideration in the United States Congress, establishes a comprehensive legal framework authorizing the President to negotiate and conclude standalone digital trade agreements with trusted partners. The bill reflects a clear strategic objective: to shape global digital economy rules, strengthen U.S. competitiveness, and respond to restrictive digital Read more
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India Introduces the 2025 Digital Personal Data Protection Rules: A New Era for Data Governance
India has formally adopted the Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Rules, 2025, a comprehensive set of regulations implementing the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023. The rules mark a significant transformation of India’s digital governance framework, establishing detailed procedures for consent, data retention, breach notification, children’s data protections, and the responsibilities of companies and government Read more
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Thailand Adopts Paperless Trade Treaty – A New Step in Regional Digitalization
Bangkok, 17 October 2025 — Thailand has officially deposited its instrument of accession to the Framework Agreement on Facilitation of Cross-border Paperless Trade in Asia and the Pacific (CPTA) with the United Nations. The Agreement will enter into force for Thailand on 15 January 2026, marking a major milestone in the country’s long-term digital trade Read more
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The Dutch government has introduced Bill No. 36 743, amending Book 8 of the Dutch Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek) to recognize the use of an electronic bill of lading (elektronisch cognossement) in maritime transport. The aim is to align Dutch law with the UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records (MLETR), thus creating legal equivalence Read more
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Towards a Trusted Digital Trade Framework: Why the European Trade Indexes Registry (EUTIR) Matters
In September 2025, the DigitalTrade4.EU consortium submitted its consolidated feedback to the European Commission: “Towards a Trusted Digital Trade Framework: The Role of the European Trade Indexes Registry (EUTIR).” This document brings together insights from 96 separate submissions and distills them into a strategic vision for Europe’s future digital trade ecosystem. What is EUTIR? The Read more
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Unlocking Europe’s Financial Data Future: Insights from the FiDA Debate
The European Union’s proposed Financial Data Access Regulation (FiDA) is emerging as a cornerstone in the ongoing transformation of Europe’s financial markets. The regulation aims to establish a comprehensive framework for data sharing across the financial sector, building on lessons from PSD2 and aligning with broader initiatives in open finance, digital identity, and the EU’s Read more
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India’s Landmark Maritime Overhaul: Understanding the Merchant Shipping Act, 2025
India has entered a new era of maritime governance with the enactment of the Merchant Shipping Act, 2025, which received the assent of the President on 18 August 2025. This legislation marks a turning point for the country’s shipping and trade sectors, as it replaces the Merchant Shipping Act of 1958, a law that had Read more
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France Becomes First European Union Country to Fully Embrace Digital Trade Instruments
Paris, August 14, 2025 – France has taken a historic leap into the digital age of global trade. With the publication of Decree No. 2025-811 in the Journal Officiel, the country has fully transposed the UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records (MLETR) into its national legal framework. The reform, long awaited by the trade Read more
